Stomach

C16WHO Vol. 1

Digestive System

Prognosis

This section is being prepared by our editorial process.

🔬 Histological Types

📚 Latest Research

2026-09-10

TIP60-mediated acetylation of UHRF1 is associated with tumor cell-dependent M2-like macrophage phenotypes and aggressiveness in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma.

Wang B, et al

A new study identifies the TIP60/UHRF1 acetylation axis as a key driver of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) progression, showing that TIP60 acetylates UHRF1 at four specific lysine residues — K644, K646, K648, and K650 — to simultaneously enhance tumor cell aggressiveness and promote polarization of macrophages toward an immunosuppressive M2-like phenotype. UHRF1 was found to be upregulated in GCA tissues and cell lines, where it stimulated cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell-cycle advancement, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Single-cell RNA sequencing and immune infiltration analyses confirmed enrichment of M2 macrophages in GCA tumors, with UHRF1 expression positively correlated with M2 macrophage abundance, while co-culture experiments demonstrated that tumor-derived UHRF1 increased macrophage expression of the M2 markers CD206, CD163, Arg-1, and Mrc-2. In vivo experiments showed that pharmacological inhibition of TIP60 suppressed tumor growth, metastatic potential, and M2-like macrophage infiltration, positioning the TIP60/UHRF1 axis as a promising therapeutic target that bridges epigenetic oncogenic regulation with immune microenvironment remodeling in this aggressive cancer.

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease

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2026-09-10

Socioeconomic, biological, and behavioral determinants of gastric cancer incidence and mortality in Latin America and the Caribbean: a sex-stratified ecological study with projections to 2050.

Gonzalez-Lopez S, et al

Educational inequality is the most consistent determinant of gastric cancer burden in Latin America and the Caribbean, associated with higher mortality overall and with both incidence and mortality among women, in whom Human Development Index and Helicobacter pylori prevalence were also significant factors. This cross-sectional ecological study analyzed age-standardized 2022 incidence and mortality rates from the Global Cancer Observatory across the region, identifying the highest burden in Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Gastric cancer cases and deaths are projected to rise by 30–50% by 2050 in most countries of the region. The authors call for policies addressing educational inequality as a structural driver, alongside H. pylori screen-and-treat programs, dietary sodium reduction, and early detection initiatives in high-burden Andean countries.

Journal of cancer policy

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2026-09-09 • AI

Exploring the Molecular Mechanisms of Weifuchun in the Treatment of Chronic Atrophic Gastritis Based on Single-cell Sequencing and Machine Learning.

Chen H, et al

A study combining single-cell RNA sequencing and machine learning identified JUN and MMP12 as the key molecular targets through which Weifuchun (WFC), a classical traditional Chinese medicine compound, exerts its therapeutic effects against chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) — a common precancerous lesion of gastric cancer. Single-cell sequencing of gastric mucosal tissues revealed 17 distinct cell types, with epithelial cells constituting 86.96% of all cells, and showed that MAIT cells preferentially polarized toward a Th17-like phenotype in CAG while IFNG+ effector CD8+ T cells declined, with fibroblasts, macrophages, and dendritic cells acting as central hubs in pro-inflammatory crosstalk via ligand-receptor pairs such as CCL5/CCR5 and ADM/RAMP3. Among 13 active WFC components, five overlapping targets (PDE4D, JUN, KCNH2, NFKBIA, MMP12) were identified, with a random forest model selecting JUN and MMP12 as the most predictive targets, subsequently validated by Western blot in MNNG-induced GES-1 cells. These findings provide a mechanistic rationale for WFC's clinical efficacy in CAG and suggest a pathway for pharmacological intervention that may slow progression toward gastric cancer.

Journal of ethnopharmacology

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