Nasal Cavity & Paranasal Sinuses
Prognosis
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🔬 Histological Types
📚 Latest Research
Primary acinic cell carcinoma of the left nasal septum.
Madden J, et al
A case report published in BMJ Case Reports documents an exceptionally rare presentation of primary acinic cell carcinoma originating in the left nasal septum, a site where this salivary gland-type malignancy is almost never encountered. Acinic cell carcinoma typically arises in the parotid gland, and its de novo occurrence in the nasal cavity underscores the diagnostic challenge posed by ectopic salivary gland tissue at this anatomical location. The case highlights the importance of including rare primary sinonasal malignancies in the differential diagnosis of nasal masses, and of thorough immunohistochemical workup to distinguish primary tumours from metastatic disease. Prompt recognition and appropriate surgical management are essential given the potential for local recurrence and distant spread associated with this histological subtype.
BMJ case reports
Source →Outcomes of Curative-Intent Endoscopic Resection Combined With Adjuvant Immune Checkpoint Inhibition for Resectable Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma.
Ebihara T, et al
A retrospective study of 11 patients with resectable sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM) found that curative-intent endoscopic resection followed by adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy yielded 1- and 3-year overall survival rates of 100.0% and 90.0%, respectively, but recurrence was common and rapid, with recurrence-free survival rates of only 45.5% at 1 year and 0% at 3 years. Immune-related adverse events occurred in 8 of 11 patients (72.7%), with grade 3 or higher events in 3 patients (27.3%). T4a disease was significantly associated with shorter recurrence-free survival compared with T3 disease (hazard ratio 13.96; 95% confidence interval 1.24–157.50; p = 0.033). The authors conclude that while overall survival appeared preserved, the high recurrence burden underscores the need for multicenter trials to optimize treatment sequencing and risk stratification in this rare cancer.
Head & neck
Source →Unveiling the immune microenvironment in sinonasal intestinal type adenocarcinoma: new arguments for immunotherapy.
Lépine C, et al
In a study of 59 patients with sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (ITAC), high CD8⁺ T-cell density emerged as an independent prognostic factor significantly associated with improved disease-free and overall survival. Researchers also found that the immune checkpoint molecule TIM-3 — expressed by both tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes and immunoregulatory macrophages — may be a key immune escape mechanism, as TIM-3 blockade in patient-derived explants led to increased tumor cell apoptosis. Transcriptomic profiling further identified two distinct tumor clusters: one "hot" cluster characterized by adaptive immune activation and higher immunotherapy response scores, and one "cold" cluster with poor immune infiltration. These findings provide a scientific rationale for evaluating checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapies, particularly anti-TIM-3 and anti-TIGIT strategies, in this rare occupational cancer strongly linked to wood dust exposure.
Oncoimmunology
Source →💊 Therapies
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🧪 Tumor markers
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