Latest Research
All publications from the Cancer3.AI database, newest first.
[Update on Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRG) coding 2026 for general and visceral surgery : From the Department for Health Economics Section of the German Society for General and Visceral Surgery (DGAV)].
Bartkowski R, et al
The German Society for General and Visceral Surgery (DGAV) has published an update on changes to the Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRG) coding system for general and visceral surgery taking effect in 2026. Key modifications include more precise classification of perianal malignancies—including a new code for malignant melanoma of the perianal skin—and a restructured coding framework for diaphragmatic hernia repairs that now distinguishes between primary and recurrent procedures as well as surgical approach. Additional changes affect coding for stomach revision surgery, parathyroid gland identification using autofluorescence, incisional hernias, colon resections, and atypical liver resections, all aimed at more accurately reflecting clinical complexity and resource use. Notably, evidence from a recently published study showing significantly higher complication rates in W2 and larger incisional hernias has prompted a formal proposal to introduce defect-size-differentiated coding in the 2027 cycle. These reforms are intended to ensure that hospital reimbursement more fairly reflects the actual clinical effort involved in complex surgical procedures, ultimately supporting better resource allocation and patient care quality.
Chirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany)
Source →Mitochondrial transfer in acute myeloid leukaemia and multiple myeloma: Mechanisms, consequences and potential therapeutic opportunities.
Nwarunma E, et al
Researchers have published a comprehensive review examining the role of horizontal mitochondrial transfer (HMT) in two serious blood cancers — acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and multiple myeloma (MM) — both of which arise from malignant changes in the bone marrow. The review focuses on how healthy support cells within the bone marrow microenvironment donate their mitochondria, the energy-producing organelles of the cell, to cancer cells, thereby boosting cancer cell survival and growth. A key finding highlighted in the review is that this mitochondrial transfer appears to be a significant driver of chemotherapy resistance, helping cancer cells withstand treatment that would otherwise kill them. The authors systematically outline the molecular triggers and mechanisms that initiate this transfer, as well as its functional consequences for disease progression in AML and MM. This knowledge is clinically important because chemotherapy resistance remains one of the greatest obstacles to curing these blood cancers, and understanding HMT opens new avenues for therapeutic intervention. The review calls for further research to translate these findings into targeted treatments that could block mitochondrial transfer and restore sensitivity to chemotherapy in patients with AML and MM.
The FEBS journal
Source →Real-World Outcomes in NPM1-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia: The Impact of Measurable Residual Disease on Disease Relapse.
Tsirigotis P, et al
A new study from the Hellenic AML-Registry examined the prognostic value of measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring in 141 patients with NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a common and important subtype of blood cancer. Researchers used a highly sensitive molecular technique called RT-qPCR to detect tiny amounts of remaining cancer cells in bone marrow samples at key time points during and after treatment. The study found that a threshold of 0.1% mutant NPM1 copies after two cycles of chemotherapy effectively separates patients into high- and low-relapse-risk groups, and patients who achieved levels below this cut-off did not benefit from allogeneic stem cell transplantation in first remission. Additionally, during follow-up monitoring, a lower threshold of 0.01% proved critical: patients with undetectable or very low MRD could be safely observed, while those with high MRD levels needed early intervention to prevent imminent relapse. These findings provide clinicians with clear, evidence-based MRD thresholds to guide treatment decisions — including whether to proceed with stem cell transplantation — in real-world clinical practice.
American journal of hematology
Source →Interleukin-33 and superoxide dismutase 3 mediates co-achieved tooth movement acceleration and root protection.
Dong X, et al
This study investigated how two molecular signals — interleukin-33 (IL-33) and superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) — interact to influence alveolar bone and tooth root tissues during orthodontic treatment. Researchers found that SOD3 promotes the mineralization and differentiation of cementoblasts, the cells responsible for maintaining tooth root integrity, while IL-33 suppresses SOD3 activity specifically in these root-associated cells. In contrast, SOD3 had a comparatively weaker pro-mineralization effect on bone-forming osteoblast progenitors and reduced osteoclast activity, meaning it can simultaneously support root protection while allowing controlled bone remodeling needed for tooth movement. In mouse experiments, combining a decoy receptor that blocks IL-33 (sST2) with adenovirus-mediated SOD3 gene transfer successfully accelerated orthodontic tooth movement while reducing root resorption at the same time. These findings offer a potential solution to one of orthodontics' most persistent challenges — speeding up treatment without causing root damage — and may pave the way for novel combined biological therapies to improve both the speed and safety of orthodontic care.
American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
Source →Romosozumab versus teriparatide and risk of all-cause mortality in patients with osteoporosis: a real-world propensity score-matched cohort study.
Tsai SH, et al
A new real-world cohort study published in Osteoporosis International compared two bone-building medications — romosozumab and teriparatide — in patients with osteoporosis to determine which was associated with lower risk of death. Using electronic medical records from over 120 U.S. healthcare organizations, researchers matched 2,470 patients in each treatment group and followed them to track all-cause mortality. The study found that patients treated with romosozumab had a 32% lower risk of dying from any cause compared to those on teriparatide, with the benefit being especially pronounced in adults aged 60 and older. Critically, romosozumab did not increase mortality risk in patients with hypertension or coronary heart disease, addressing prior concerns about its cardiovascular safety. These findings suggest that romosozumab may be a safer and more effective anabolic therapy for reducing overall mortality in older adults with osteoporosis, and could inform clinical decision-making when choosing between these two agents.
Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
Source →