Latest Research
All publications from the Cancer3.AI database, newest first.
[Glutamine metabolic reprogramming in regulating the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma].
Xu Y, et al
This review article examines the critical role of glutamine metabolic reprogramming in the initiation and progression of osteosarcoma, a primary malignant bone tumor predominantly affecting adolescents. Cancer cells, including osteosarcoma cells, cannot synthesize sufficient glutamine endogenously to sustain their rapid proliferation, creating a state of 'glutamine dependence' in which they increasingly rely on external glutamine uptake for carbon and nitrogen sources needed to produce nucleotides, lipids, and non-essential amino acids. This metabolic shift also compensates for the disrupted tricarboxylic acid cycle caused by the well-known Warburg effect, helping tumor cells maintain redox balance and support biosynthetic demands under nutrient-stressed conditions. The review identifies key enzymes and membrane transporters involved in glutamine metabolism in osteosarcoma—such as glutaminase—as promising molecular targets for therapeutic intervention. By mapping these metabolic vulnerabilities, the authors suggest that disrupting glutamine utilization pathways could yield novel drug candidates for a cancer type that remains difficult to treat with current therapies.
Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences
Source →[Kaempferol in improving chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression: A scoping review].
Peng K, et al
Chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (CIM) — a dangerous suppression of blood cell production caused by cancer treatment — is among the most serious complications facing patients with malignant tumors, frequently forcing dose reductions or treatment interruptions. Researchers conducted a scoping review of 13 studies to evaluate kaempferol, a natural flavonoid found in many plants and used in traditional Chinese medicine, for its potential to counteract this condition. The review found that kaempferol and preparations containing it increased peripheral blood white blood cell counts and promoted the proliferation of bone marrow nucleated cells, indicating a meaningful protective effect on the blood-forming system. Mechanistic analyses revealed that kaempferol operates through multiple complementary pathways, including reducing oxidative stress, enhancing immune function, and preventing the programmed death of hematopoietic cells. However, the authors caution that existing evidence relies heavily on animal experiments and multi-herb traditional Chinese medicine compound preparations rather than rigorous trials of kaempferol as a standalone therapy. Future large-scale, well-controlled clinical studies are urgently needed to confirm kaempferol's independent efficacy and pave the way for its standardized use in preventing and treating chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression.
Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences
Source →Cell characterization of extranodal lymphoproliferative disorders.
Muthumanickam P, et al
Researchers at Saveetha Dental College conducted a retrospective study examining 14 confirmed cases of extranodal lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) occurring within the oral cavity, spanning two decades from 2004 to 2024. These rare cancers, characterized by abnormal lymphocyte proliferation outside of lymph nodes, were analyzed for their cellular composition and immune marker profiles using histopathological slides and immunohistochemical testing. The study found that Non-Hodgkin lymphoma accounted for 74% of cases, with the upper jaw more commonly affected than the lower jaw, and centroblasts emerging as the most prevalent cell type at 38% of cases. Key immune markers CD45, CD20, and CD138 showed statistically significant positivity, proving valuable in distinguishing between lymphoid and plasma cell neoplasms. These findings highlight that despite their rarity, intraoral extranodal LPDs have distinct features that can guide accurate diagnosis and classification, potentially improving patient outcomes. The authors call for further research into molecular markers to advance targeted therapies for these challenging oral cancers.
Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP
Source →Diagnosis and management of esthesioneuroblastoma.
El Omri M, et al
Researchers in Tunisia conducted a 36-year retrospective study examining the diagnosis and management of esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB), a rare malignant tumor originating from the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity that represents just 1.2% of all malignant nasal sinus tumors. The study analyzed 10 patients treated between January 1986 and December 2023, with a mean age of 40 years and a slight female predominance, staged using the Kadish classification system. Of the eight patients who underwent surgery, six also received adjuvant radiotherapy, while two cases were deemed inoperable; complete remission was achieved in three patients following combined surgery and radiotherapy. Tumor progression was observed in two patients at 3 and 8 months post-treatment, and one patient experienced tumor recurrence. The authors conclude that although imaging findings for ENB are not specific to the disease, recognizing characteristic patterns is essential for accurate staging and effective surgical planning. Given the rarity of this tumor, long-term multi-center data collection remains critical to improving treatment outcomes for patients.
La Tunisie medicale
Source →A case of high-grade differentiated liposarcoma in the oesophagus.
Li H, et al
Researchers report a rare case of high-grade, well-differentiated liposarcoma arising in the oesophagus, a location where this type of tumour is exceptionally uncommon. Liposarcoma is a malignant tumour of fatty tissue that, when caught before it spreads, can often be treated with surgical removal. The case highlights the significant diagnostic challenge posed by oesophageal liposarcoma, as it closely mimics other conditions such as sarcoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumour, and fibrovascular polyp, leading to frequent misdiagnosis. The authors detail the imaging characteristics of the tumour to help radiologists and clinicians recognise this rare neoplasm more reliably in future cases. By raising awareness of the distinctive radiological features, this report aims to reduce missed or delayed diagnoses and support more timely and appropriate treatment for affected patients.
BJR case reports
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