Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

D46WHO Vol. 11 (2024)

Haematolymphoid System

Prognosis

This section is being prepared by our editorial process.

🔬 Histological Types

📚 Latest Research

2026-09-04

Recent advances in cell therapy for AML/MDS.

Yokoyama H

A comprehensive review published in the International Journal of Hematology highlights that cellular immunotherapy, while transformative for B-cell leukemias, lymphomas, and multiple myeloma, has yet to achieve comparable breakthroughs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), primarily due to the lack of an optimal tumor-specific target antigen with manageable effects on healthy cells. The review surveys a broad range of emerging strategies — including CAR-T cells, CAR-NK cells, T-cell receptor-engineered T cells, and innate immune approaches — alongside established allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, outlining how these may be combined with molecularly targeted therapies. Identifying the right target antigen is identified as the critical bottleneck that, if resolved, could unlock major therapeutic advances for patients with these difficult-to-treat myeloid malignancies.

International journal of hematology

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2026-09-03

Corrigendum to "Qinghuang powder ameliorates cellular senescence and energy metabolism abnormalities in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of myelodysplastic syndromes" [J. Ethnopharmacol. 373 (2026) 122323].

Jiang P, et al

This publication is a corrigendum (formal correction notice) to a previously published study examining how Qinghuang powder — a traditional Chinese herbal formulation — affects cellular senescence and energy metabolism abnormalities in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells derived from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The original article appeared in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology, volume 373 (2026), article 122323. Because no abstract content was provided for this correction notice, the specific nature of the amendment and any updated data or figures cannot be detailed here. Clinicians and researchers working with MDS or traditional herbal medicine should consult the corrigendum directly to identify which elements of the original findings have been revised.

Journal of ethnopharmacology

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2026-09-03

Patterns of clonal hematopoiesis in aplastic anemia under immunosuppressive therapy.

Tian L, et al

A study of 371 aplastic anemia (AA) patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy (IST) found that the rate of detectable somatic mutations nearly doubled — from 22% (53 of 237 patients) at baseline to 41% (97 of 237) after treatment — underscoring the substantial risk of clonal evolution in this bone marrow failure disorder. Serial targeted sequencing revealed distinct mutational dynamics: high-risk clones such as ASXL1 expanded persistently, while favorable mutations in BCOR and PIGA tended to contract or remain stable, and older age as well as greater disease severity were associated with a higher mutational burden. Cytogenetic abnormalities increased from 5% (18 of 357 patients) before treatment to 10% (37 of 357) after IST, PNH clones were present in 20% of patients at baseline with 15 progressing to PNH syndrome, and six patients evolved to myeloid neoplasms including myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. These findings demonstrate that IST reshapes the clonal landscape of aplastic anemia in clinically meaningful ways and establish a strong rationale for long-term molecular surveillance in all AA patients managed with immunosuppression.

Leukemia

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