Pleura

C38.4WHO Vol. 5
Thorax (Respiratory & Mediastinum)
Cancer
2026-09-07

Long-term outcomes and patterns of failure in patients with thymic malignancies treated with surgery and radiation therapy.

Icht O, et al

A retrospective study of 360 patients with surgically treated thymic malignancies found that tumor invasiveness — especially vascular invasion (odds ratio 6.0; 95% CI 2.3–15.7) — was the strongest predictor of recurrence, and that peri-operative radiation therapy was associated with improved overall…

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BMJ case reports
2026-09-05

Indwelling pleural catheter enabling safe air travel in malignant pleural effusion with pneumothorax ex vacuo.

Lachal F, et al

A man with pleural mesothelioma and malignant pleural effusion complicated by pneumothorax ex vacuo was able to safely undertake a domestic flight after a specific in-flight management protocol was developed around his indwelling pleural catheter (IPC). Pneumothorax of any cause is typically a contr…

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Respirology case reports
2026-09-01

Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma Revealed After Treatment for Tuberculous Pleurisy: A Case Report.

Nagayama D, et al

An 83-year-old man was initially misdiagnosed and treated for tuberculous pleurisy before a CT-guided percutaneous biopsy with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis ultimately confirmed sarcomatoid mesothelioma — one of the most aggressive subtypes of malignant pleural mesothelioma. The…

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Respirology case reports
2026-09-01

Immune-Related Encephalitis in a Patient With Pleural Mesothelioma: Case Report.

Onishi F, et al

A case report documents immune-related encephalitis in a 69-year-old former plumber with unresectable pleural mesothelioma who developed altered consciousness and extrapyramidal symptoms six months after starting combination immunotherapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab. Despite treatment with high-do…

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General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
2026-08-31

Accuracy and application of noninvasive computed tomography-guided skin marking in surgery for peripheral small pulmonary nodules.

Ito T, et al

A CT-guided skin marking technique proved to be a simple, safe, and effective method for intraoperatively localizing small peripheral pulmonary nodules, achieving complete resection in all 89 patients without complications over a nine-year study period. The median distance from the skin marker to th…

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Journal of thoracic disease
2026-08-28

Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy after cytoreductive surgery in malignant pleural mesothelioma: a single-center retrospective cohort study suggesting increased morbidity without survival benefit.

Baldes N, et al

A single-center retrospective study of 114 patients with pleural mesothelioma found that adding hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITOC) to cytoreductive surgery was associated with significantly worse outcomes compared to surgery alone, including a median overall survival of only 13 months v…

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Surgical case reports
2026-08-28

A Case of Solitary Fibrous Tumor with Tumor Rupture during the Waiting Period for Elective Surgery.

Kiriyama A, et al

A rare case report documents spontaneous rupture of an intra-abdominal solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) in a man in his 70s during the one-week waiting period before elective surgery, highlighting that large pelvic tumors of uncertain growth rate can deteriorate rapidly and require emergency interventio…

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Case reports in pulmonology
2026-08-28

Solitary Fibrous Tumors of the Pleura With Extensive Intrathoracic Occupation: Report of Two Cases.

Villanueva-Villegas R, et al

Surgeons successfully achieved complete tumor resection in two patients with giant solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura (SFTPs) occupying the left hemithorax, including a rare case of two synchronous tumors in a 59-year-old woman and a single large mass in a 39-year-old man. Diagnosis was confirmed…

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Respiratory medicine
2026-08-27

Evaluation of radiological lung pattern and disease progression in patients with asbestosis compared to patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Chiara R, et al

A new study found that patients with asbestosis experience significantly slower lung disease progression than those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), with median progression rates of 0.70%/month versus 2.06%/month respectively (p = 0.024). Researchers used CALIPER software to perform quantit…

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Radiology case reports
2026-08-26

Pleural desmoid tumor mimicking a myofibroblastic neoplasm: Imaging-pathologic correlation.

Villegas-Albo M, et al

A 41-year-old woman presenting with two years of right-sided chest pain and progressive numbness of the right upper extremity was definitively diagnosed with pleural desmoid-type fibromatosis after an initial biopsy had incorrectly suggested an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, highlighting how ov…

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Journal of thoracic disease
2026-08-25

Rigid mini-thoracoscopy versus semirigid pleuroscopy for undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion: a randomized controlled trial.

Thanthitaweewat V, et al

In a 44-patient randomized controlled trial, the 5.5-mm rigid mini-thoracoscope cut median procedure time nearly in half compared with the 7-mm semirigid pleuroscope (27.5 vs. 38.0 minutes; P=0.001) and produced biopsy specimens with almost twice the calculated surface area (50.5 vs. 27.3 mm²; P=0.0…

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European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology
2026-08-21

Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) for pancreatic cancer peritoneal metastases: A retrospective multicentric study from the ISSPP PIPAC Database.

Di Giorgio A, et al

A multicentric retrospective study of 156 patients treated with 350 PIPAC (pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy) procedures across 6 centers found that PIPAC is a safe locoregional option for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma peritoneal metastases, with no major surgical complications (Cl…

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Clinical nuclear medicine
2026-08-17

The Potential Role of 99mTc-FAPI SPECT/CT in the Staging of Mucinous Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma.

Rezaei Borujerdi N, et al

A case report published in Clinical Nuclear Medicine demonstrates that 99mTc-FAPI SPECT/CT successfully identified widespread skeletal metastases and extensive soft-tissue involvement in the peritoneum, appendiceal region, and pleura in a 55-year-old woman with mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma — …

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The American journal of the medical sciences
2026-08-15

"LAPAGE Index In Differentiating Tuberculous Pleurisy and Malignant Pleural Effusion".

Kirac A, et al

A new composite diagnostic index called the LAPAGE index — calculated as (pleural LDH / ADA) × age / pleural protein — demonstrated superior performance over individual biomarkers in distinguishing malignant pleural effusion from tuberculous pleurisy in patients with elevated adenosine deaminase lev…

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Medicine
2026-08-14

Research progress of confocal laser endomicroscopy in malignant respiratory diseases: A review.

Zhiliang F, et al

A new review published in Medicine highlights confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) as a promising real-time, high-resolution imaging technology that can visualize pulmonary tissue microstructure during conventional bronchoscopy, offering clinicians the ability to distinguish normal from abnormal regi…

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