Latest Research
All publications from the Cancer3.AI database, newest first.
Minimally invasive augmented reality-guided lumbopelvic fixation for a large sacral plasmacytoma: illustrative case.
Shafi M, et al
Researchers report an illustrative case of a 61-year-old man diagnosed with a large sacral plasmacytoma — a solitary plasma cell tumor — who presented with chronic low back pain and shooting pain radiating to both legs due to severe spinal canal narrowing and extensive bone destruction. Because the tumor caused progressive spinal instability, the surgical team performed minimally invasive spinopelvic fixation using augmented reality (AR) surgical guidance, placing dual S2-alar-iliac screws to stabilize the spine and pelvis without the need for a large open incision. Following surgery, the patient received intensity-modulated radiation therapy over one month, which is the standard definitive treatment for this type of tumor. At five months post-procedure, imaging confirmed stable instrumentation and the patient reported meaningful symptom improvement, demonstrating that the minimally invasive approach successfully preserved the timeline for radiation therapy. This case highlights that AR-guided minimally invasive surgery is a viable and effective option for stabilizing the spine in patients with osseous solitary plasmacytoma, potentially reducing infection risk, wound complications, and recovery time compared to traditional open surgery.
Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons
Source →Multicenter dose de-escalation phase I trial of pressurized intraperitoneal aerosolized chemotherapy (PIPAC) nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin in combination with systemic nab-paclitaxel in recurrent ovarian cancer patients: trial in progress.
Popat V, et al
Researchers are conducting a multicenter phase I clinical trial to evaluate a novel triple-drug chemotherapy approach for recurrent ovarian cancer patients whose disease has spread to the peritoneum and cannot be surgically removed. The study combines pressurized intraperitoneal aerosolized chemotherapy (PIPAC) — a minimally invasive technique that delivers chemotherapy drugs directly into the abdominal cavity as a fine mist under pressure — using nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin, alongside intravenous nab-paclitaxel given systemically. Because ovarian cancer frequently metastasizes to the peritoneal lining and becomes resistant to standard treatments, this bidirectional approach aims to attack the disease both locally and systemically at the same time. The trial uses a dose de-escalation design with a safety lead-in phase to carefully identify the safest and most tolerable drug doses, with primary endpoints focusing on dose-limiting toxicities and adverse events. If the combination proves safe and shows preliminary anti-tumor activity, the results will inform the design of a larger phase II efficacy trial, potentially offering a new treatment option for women with this difficult-to-treat cancer.
Pleura and peritoneum
Source →Adenosarcoma of the uterine cervix - a novel case report and review of the literature.
Maciejewska O, et al
Researchers from Poland present a rare case report of adenosarcoma — a mixed malignant tumor — arising in the uterine cervix, a location so uncommon that no established treatment guidelines currently exist. A 44-year-old woman presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain; despite a normal Pap smear, transvaginal ultrasound revealed a cervical mass that was subsequently confirmed by biopsy as low-grade adenosarcoma. The patient underwent radical hysterectomy with bilateral removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes, as well as pelvic lymph node sampling, resulting in complete resolution of symptoms. The authors review the existing literature and discuss pathological and imaging characteristics of cervical adenosarcomas, noting that when detected early these tumors carry a relatively favorable prognosis, with 5-year survival rates of 63–84%. This case underscores the importance of transvaginal ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool even when routine cervical screening is normal, and supports radical hysterectomy as the primary surgical approach for this rare gynecological malignancy.
Przeglad menopauzalny = Menopause review
Source →Effect of resistant starch type 5 on gut health through modulating gut microbiota.
Ahmmed R, et al
This comprehensive review examined resistant starch type 5 (RS5), a structurally unique dietary fiber that forms stable helical inclusion complexes, allowing it to resist digestion in the small intestine and reach the colon largely intact. Researchers found that RS5 selectively stimulates the growth of beneficial gut bacteria while suppressing pathogenic species, resulting in enhanced production of health-promoting short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) — particularly butyrate, acetate, and propionate. These SCFAs are critical for maintaining the intestinal barrier, dampening chronic inflammation, and supporting metabolic regulation throughout the body. Compared with other resistant starch types, RS5 demonstrated superior prebiotic potential due to its structural stability and capacity to deliver bioactive compounds to targeted sites in the gut, which also slows fermentation and prolongs beneficial effects. Crucially, RS5 shows promise for preventing and managing chronic diseases including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and colorectal cancer, highlighting its relevance for both patients at risk and clinicians seeking dietary interventions. The authors conclude that RS5 represents a strong candidate for incorporation into functional foods designed to improve gut microecology and long-term metabolic health.
Engineering microbiology
Source →The HALLMOUNT Score: Development of a Novel Multidimensional Prognostic Model for Solid Tumors, with Initial Clinical Application in Grade 4 Adult-Type Diffuse Gliomas.
Unlu A, et al
Researchers developed the HALLMOUNT score, a new prognostic tool designed to better predict outcomes for patients with grade 4 adult-type diffuse gliomas, the most aggressive brain tumors arising from the central nervous system. The score combines nine routine pre-treatment blood and clinical measurements — including hemoglobin, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts, uric acid levels, and patient performance status — making it inexpensive and practical to apply in everyday clinical settings. In a retrospective study of 227 patients, those with high HALLMOUNT scores were more likely to be older, have poorer functional status, carry the more aggressive IDH-wild tumor type, and receive less complete surgical resection. Statistical analysis confirmed that a high HALLMOUNT score independently predicted significantly worse overall survival and progression-free survival, with hazard ratios near 2.8, comparable in accuracy to other established inflammatory indices. This tool offers clinicians a straightforward, biologically meaningful way to stratify patients by risk at the time of diagnosis, potentially guiding more personalized treatment decisions for this devastating disease. The authors call for prospective, multicenter validation to confirm its utility across molecularly defined patient populations.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
Source →