Latest Research
All publications from the Cancer3.AI database, newest first.
Intramuscular Myxoma of the Penis: A Case Report.
Ngwu PE, et al
Researchers report a rare case of intramuscular myxoma (IMM) occurring in the penis of a 27-year-old man, a location so unusual that only a handful of similar cases exist in medical literature. The patient presented with a slow-growing, painless mass on the underside of the penile shaft that had been present for over a decade, raising immediate concerns about a potentially malignant soft tissue tumour. Through a combination of medical imaging and detailed histopathological examination, clinicians confirmed the diagnosis of this benign mesenchymal tumour, avoiding unnecessary aggressive treatment. IMM is typically found in large muscles of the thigh or shoulder and is characterised by low cell density, sparse blood vessels, and an abundant jelly-like tissue matrix, often linked to GNAS gene mutations. Complete surgical removal proved curative, consistent with the generally favourable outlook for IMM when correctly diagnosed. This case highlights the importance of thorough diagnostic workup in unusual tumour locations to prevent overtreatment and improve clinical recognition of rare penile tumours.
Cureus
Source →Imaging in Plasma-Cell Neoplasms: Italian Experts' Recommendations.
Corso A, et al
Italian researchers conducted a national study to evaluate real-world imaging practices at 32 hematology centers and 5 radiology services across Italy, focusing on how well current methods detect bone and extra-bone lesions in plasma cell disorders (PCD), including multiple myeloma (MM) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The investigation revealed that suboptimal imaging modalities were widely used in clinical practice, leading to significant under-recognition of disease lesions and consequently to inaccurate disease staging and suboptimal treatment decisions. Using a Delphi consensus panel of 23 experts, the team developed a set of 25 evidence-based, country-specific recommendations aimed at standardizing and improving imaging assessment for PCD patients in Italy. The study highlights a critical gap between international imaging guidelines and their actual adoption in Italian clinical practice, underscoring the need for targeted national guidance. These recommendations are expected to help clinicians select more effective imaging tools, ultimately improving early detection, disease monitoring, and treatment outcomes for patients with myeloma and related conditions.
European journal of haematology
Source →Testicular Cancer: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Biomarker Advances.
Kraft P, et al
A recent review published in Research and Reports in Urology examines the latest advances in the diagnosis, treatment, and biomarker development for testicular cancer, one of the most treatable solid tumors in young men. The review highlights that molecular biomarkers, particularly microRNA-371a-3p, now offer over 90% sensitivity for detecting viable germ cell tumors, outperforming traditional markers, though they cannot identify teratomatous components; circulating tumor DNA also shows promise for tracking minimal residual disease. A growing clinical challenge involves the management of small testicular masses increasingly detected by high-resolution ultrasound, most of which are benign, prompting a shift away from automatic radical orchiectomy toward more conservative, individualized surgical strategies. Contemporary treatment philosophy now emphasizes active surveillance for low-risk disease, selective adjuvant therapy, and minimally invasive techniques such as robotic and modified-template surgery to reduce side effects while preserving cure rates. These advances collectively support a more precise, patient-centered model of care that aims to maintain high survival outcomes while protecting quality of life, fertility, and hormonal function.
Research and reports in urology
Source →Spontaneous uterine rupture as a life-threatening presentation of molar pregnancy: a case report.
Dejene EF, et al
This case report describes an exceptionally rare and life-threatening complication of molar pregnancy — spontaneous uterine rupture — in a 37-year-old Ethiopian woman with five previous pregnancies. The patient presented in critical condition with hemorrhagic shock, severe anemia (hemoglobin of 2.8 g/dl), vaginal bleeding, and abdominal pain after five months without menstruation, with imaging revealing a characteristic honeycomb uterine mass and free fluid in the abdominal cavity. Emergency surgery confirmed a cornual uterine rupture caused by a complete hydatidiform mole, and a hysterectomy was performed to save the patient's life, followed by blood transfusions and fluid resuscitation. Serial monitoring of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels over six months confirmed full remission with no progression to malignant gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. This case highlights that while uterine rupture in molar pregnancy is exceedingly rare and previously reported mainly in malignant forms, clinicians must consider it as a possible catastrophic presentation even in benign molar disease. Prompt surgical intervention and long-term hCG surveillance are essential components of successful management.
Journal of medical case reports
Source →Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumor Presenting as a Large Cystic Mass: Diagnostic Clue From Foreign DNA Sequences Detected by Comprehensive Genomic Profiling.
Kojima Y, et al
Researchers report an exceptionally rare case of epithelioid trophoblastic tumor (ETT), a type of pregnancy-related uterine cancer, in a postmenopausal woman in her 50s whose tumor arose 20 years after her last pregnancy. Unlike the typical small, solid tumors seen in ETT, this case presented as a large 19-centimeter fluid-filled cystic mass extending from the cervix, which initially misled physicians toward a diagnosis of sarcomatoid carcinoma. The turning point in diagnosis came when comprehensive genomic profiling unexpectedly detected DNA sequences of non-maternal (fetal) origin within the tumor tissue, prompting pathologists to consider a gestational origin and perform additional targeted staining with the trophoblastic marker HSD3B1, which confirmed ETT. The patient underwent complete surgical removal and remained recurrence-free over 18 months of follow-up. This case highlights two important lessons for clinicians: ETT can masquerade as a cystic mass due to extensive internal necrosis and infection, and the detection of foreign DNA during genomic tumor profiling should raise an immediate red flag for gestational trophoblastic disease. Accurate recognition of these atypical features is critical, as ETT requires a specific management approach distinct from other uterine cancers.
International journal of gynecological pathology : official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Pathologists
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