Latest Research
All publications from the Cancer3.AI database, newest first.
Incidence Trends and Geographic Variations of Corpus Uteri and Cervical Cancer in Taiwan, 1995-2022: A Population-Based Study.
Chang Y, et al
A large population-based study examined incidence trends of cervical cancer and corpus uteri (uterine body) cancer in Taiwan over nearly three decades, from 1995 to 2022, using national cancer registry data and advanced statistical modeling. Researchers found a dramatic decline in cervical cancer rates, with age-standardized incidence falling from 20.06 to 6.78 cases per 100,000 women, a trend strongly associated with Taiwan's organized cervical cancer screening programs introduced in the early 2000s. At the same time, corpus uteri cancer rates surged nearly sixfold, rising from 2.91 to 17.42 per 100,000 women, with younger birth cohorts showing progressively higher risk, suggesting that generational changes in metabolic and reproductive factors such as obesity and lower parity are driving the increase. Age-period-cohort analysis confirmed a negative drift for cervical cancer and a sharply positive drift for uterine cancer, while geographic and urbanization analyses revealed regional disparities in both cancers. These findings highlight the success of preventive screening for cervical cancer while sounding an alarm about the rising burden of uterine cancer, which currently lacks a population-level screening program. Clinicians and policymakers in Taiwan and similar settings should prioritize surveillance, early detection strategies, and public health interventions targeting modifiable risk factors for corpus uteri cancer.
Cancers
Source →Progressive MRI changes in lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia suggesting malignant transformation: report of two cases with histopathologic correlation.
Niiyama T, et al
Researchers from Japan report two cases of premenopausal women in whom serial MRI monitoring revealed early signs of malignant transformation from lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia (LEGH) to minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA), a rare but dangerous form of cervical cancer. LEGH is a benign multicystic lesion of the cervix that is considered a potential precursor to gastric-type adenocarcinoma, and on MRI it displays a characteristic pattern called the 'cosmos sign,' featuring clustered cysts of varying sizes. In both patients, follow-up MRI showed a progressive expansion of a central low-signal-intensity area on T2-weighted images accompanied by shrinkage of the surrounding peripheral cysts, while overall lesion size and routine cytology results remained unchanged. Subsequent hysterectomy confirmed MDA in both cases, with the central dark area corresponding to tumor-associated reactive fibrotic stroma containing invasive glandular structures. This finding is clinically significant because it suggests that subtle internal MRI changes — rather than lesion growth or abnormal Pap smears — may be the earliest detectable indicator of malignant transformation in LEGH. Radiologists and gynecologists should carefully monitor this specific MRI pattern during follow-up of patients with known LEGH to enable earlier diagnosis and intervention.
Abdominal radiology (New York)
Source →Primary Ewing Sarcoma of the urinary bladder in an adolescent: a case report of successful organ preservation with multimodal therapy.
Al Hasan MA, et al
Researchers report a rare case of primary Ewing Sarcoma of the urinary bladder in a 15-year-old girl, a tumor type almost never seen in the pediatric bladder, presenting with abdominal pain and blood in the urine. After confirming the diagnosis through imaging and biopsy, the medical team treated the patient with eight cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which caused dramatic shrinkage of the tumor before surgery. A partial cystectomy — removal of only the affected portion of the bladder — was then performed, and pathological analysis of the surgical specimen revealed a complete response with no viable cancer cells remaining. The patient subsequently received adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and follow-up imaging and cystoscopy two months after surgery showed no signs of recurrence. This case is significant because it demonstrates that aggressive multimodal therapy can preserve the bladder in young patients, sparing them from radical cystectomy and the lifelong complications of urinary diversion. The findings support an emerging treatment strategy that prioritizes organ preservation without sacrificing cancer control in this exceptionally rare pediatric malignancy.
International journal of surgery case reports
Source →Diagnostic Utility of Immunohistochemistry in Lung Carcinoma Subtyping: A Clinicopathological Study From a Tertiary Care Center.
Mantri A, et al
Researchers at a tertiary care center in Rajasthan, India, conducted a retrospective study of 97 lung biopsy cases to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers for classifying lung cancer subtypes. The study found that adenocarcinoma was the most common subtype (57.7%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (34.0%), with the majority of patients being men aged 61 to 70 years. Key IHC markers performed with high accuracy: p40 achieved 96.7% overall accuracy with 100% specificity for squamous cell carcinoma, TTF-1 reached 95.1% accuracy with 96.0% sensitivity for adenocarcinoma, and Napsin-A showed 93.8% accuracy with 100% specificity for adenocarcinoma. Neuroendocrine and mesothelial markers also achieved perfect diagnostic performance in their respective tumor categories. These findings confirm that a focused, morphology-guided IHC panel can reliably subtype lung carcinomas from small biopsy specimens, supporting efficient tissue use and enabling clinicians to select appropriate targeted therapies for patients.
Cureus
Source →Catecholamine-Induced Multiorgan Failure and Arterial Thrombosis: A Rare Manifestation of Pheochromocytoma in the Setting of Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
Elmahi A, et al
Researchers report a rare and life-threatening case of pheochromocytoma — a catecholamine-secreting adrenal tumor — in a 25-year-old woman who was initially misdiagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia and septic shock. The patient rapidly deteriorated into cardiac arrest, developed severe cardiomyopathy with a critically low ejection fraction of 20-25%, and subsequently suffered acute limb ischemia after femoral catheterization, ultimately requiring above-knee amputation. A CT scan incidentally revealed a 4 cm adrenal mass, and elevated plasma metanephrines confirmed the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma crisis. With alpha- and beta-adrenergic blockade and supportive care, the patient's cardiac and renal function improved, and she was referred for surgical removal of the tumor. This case underscores the importance of considering catecholamine excess as a cause of unexplained refractory shock or multiorgan failure, as early diagnosis and targeted treatment can be lifesaving and prevent irreversible complications such as limb loss.
Cureus
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