Latest Research
All publications from the Cancer3.AI database, newest first.
Outcomes of Surgical Management of Retroperitoneal Paragangliomas: A Single Centre Experience.
Devi Y, et al
Researchers at a tertiary oncology center in India conducted a retrospective study of 30 patients who underwent surgical resection of retroperitoneal paragangliomas (RP-PGLs) between 2005 and 2023, addressing a significant gap in outcome data for these rare extra-adrenal neuroendocrine tumors, particularly from the Indian subcontinent. RP-PGLs can secrete catecholamines, causing potentially life-threatening hypertension, and their rarity makes surgical decision-making challenging without robust institutional data. The study found that complete tumor removal (R0 resection) was achieved in 73.3% of cases, with three-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates of 95.5% and 89.1% respectively, and no patient deaths within 90 days of surgery. Genetic testing identified SDH mutations linked to hereditary disease predisposition in 16.7% of patients, highlighting the clinical importance of routine mutation screening in this population. Of the three patients who experienced disease recurrence, two responded successfully to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, demonstrating the value of multimodal treatment planning. The authors conclude that with a standardized diagnostic algorithm, multidisciplinary perioperative optimization, and surgical readiness for complex resections involving adjacent organs or major vessels, RP-PGL surgery can be performed safely with excellent long-term outcomes.
Indian journal of surgical oncology
Source →Unveiling the Role of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Observational Study.
Solanki P, et al
A prospective observational study published in the Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology examined the role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers E-cadherin and N-cadherin in 100 patients with histologically confirmed oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Using immunohistochemistry, researchers measured the expression of these two proteins and correlated their levels with clinical and pathological tumor characteristics. The study found that E-cadherin, a cell-adhesion protein that normally suppresses tumor spread, was lost in 82% of cases, while N-cadherin, associated with cell motility and invasiveness, was expressed in 58% of tumors. N-cadherin positivity showed statistically significant associations with markers of tumor aggressiveness, including higher clinical and pathological T stage, lymph node involvement, larger tumor size, greater depth of invasion, and advanced AJCC stage. These findings support the concept of cadherin switching as a key mechanism driving oral cancer progression and suggest that N-cadherin expression may serve as a useful biomarker for identifying aggressive OSCC in clinical practice.
Indian journal of surgical oncology
Source →Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term follow-up of a 13-year-old boy with a testicular mixed germ cell tumor (yolk sac tumor and embryonal carcinoma): a case report and literature review.
Yang J, et al
Researchers from Frontiers in Pediatrics report the first documented case of a mixed testicular germ cell tumor — combining yolk sac tumor and embryonal carcinoma — in a 13-year-old boy in early puberty, a presentation that is exceptionally rare in children under 15. The patient initially presented with a left scrotal mass and markedly elevated tumor markers, including alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin, with ultrasound imaging strongly suggesting a testicular tumor. Diagnosis was confirmed through pathological examination following radical orchiectomy, the surgical removal of the affected testicle, which served as the definitive treatment. Over 29 months of follow-up, no recurrence or metastasis was detected, indicating a favorable outcome. This case highlights the importance of prompt surgical intervention and sustained long-term monitoring in adolescent patients with mixed testicular germ cell tumors, and provides a concise review of the literature to guide clinicians managing similar rare cases.
Frontiers in pediatrics
Source →Systems analysis of the HPV-microbiome-biofilm triad.
Nazarova V, et al
A new systems biology review published in Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology examines the complex three-way relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV), the vaginal microbiome, and bacterial biofilms in the development of cervical cancer. Researchers synthesized peer-reviewed literature from 2000 to 2025 and found that the loss of protective Lactobacillus bacteria and the overgrowth of anaerobic species such as Gardnerella vaginalis create conditions that favor biofilm formation, chronic inflammation, and immune suppression. These interconnected processes form self-reinforcing feedback loops that allow HPV to persist in the body and make standard treatments less effective. The study also links microbiome disruption and biofilm activity to weakened epithelial barriers, altered immune signaling, and resistance to therapy. The authors argue that cervical cancer risk assessment and treatment should move beyond a virus-only perspective to incorporate microbiome profiling and biofilm monitoring as clinical tools. This approach may be especially important in low- and middle-income countries, where high HPV rates coincide with greater vulnerability to microbiome imbalance.
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Source →Comprehensive Analysis of the Predictive Value of Adenylate Cyclase 4 on Clinical Significance, Prognosis, and Immunotherapy in Human Cancers.
Yu C, et al
Researchers conducted a comprehensive pan-cancer investigation into the role of adenylate cyclase 4 (ADCY4), an enzyme that produces the signaling molecule cyclic AMP (cAMP), examining its expression, prognostic value, and influence on the tumor immune environment across multiple cancer types. Using large public databases including TCGA and GEPIA 2.0, the team found that ADCY4 is broadly downregulated in many cancers compared to normal tissues, and that its expression levels correlate significantly with patient survival, immune cell infiltration, and immune checkpoint molecule expression. Focusing on uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), the study revealed that lower ADCY4 expression is linked to worse patient outcomes, and that this silencing is driven in part by hypermethylation of the ADCY4 gene in tumor tissue. Laboratory experiments confirmed that restoring or reducing ADCY4 levels directly affects cancer cell proliferation and migration, validating its functional importance. These findings position ADCY4 as a promising prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target, particularly in the context of cancer immunotherapy, offering new avenues for improving patient stratification and treatment strategies.
Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)
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