Latest Research
All publications from the Cancer3.AI database, newest first.
Laparoscopic Management of Disseminated Peritoneal Leiomyomatosis in a Patient Without a History of Myomectomy.
de Nadai Filho N, et al
Researchers report a rare case of disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (DPL) — a condition in which multiple benign smooth muscle tumors grow across the abdominal lining — in a 46-year-old woman who had never undergone prior uterine surgery or tissue morcellation, challenging the assumption that DPL is primarily caused by surgical procedures. During a planned laparoscopic hysterectomy, surgeons unexpectedly discovered numerous nodules on the omentum, pelvic lining, and intestinal surface, leading them to perform an extended procedure including omentectomy and pelvic peritonectomy while leaving intestinal nodules in place to avoid undue surgical risk. Tissue analysis confirmed the nodules were benign leiomyomas without any signs of malignancy, and the patient recovered quickly and was discharged within 24 hours. One-year follow-up imaging showed the remaining nodules were stable with no signs of cancerous change. This case underscores that DPL can arise spontaneously and is difficult to diagnose before surgery, meaning clinicians should be prepared for unexpected intraoperative findings. The authors advocate for individualized management — balancing the extent of surgical removal against known risks, including high recurrence rates and a low but real chance of malignant transformation — and highlight the importance of contained morcellation techniques to prevent further spread.
CRSLS : MIS case reports from SLS
Source →Dosimetric comparison of intensity modulated proton therapy and knowledge-based volumetric arc therapy for left-sided breast cancer.
Huynh LK, et al
Researchers at Royal North Shore Hospital in Australia compared two advanced radiotherapy techniques for left-sided breast cancer: intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) and knowledge-based volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) combined with deep-inspiration breath hold (DIBH). The study enrolled fourteen patients with comprehensive lymph node involvement and evaluated how well each technique spared the heart and other surrounding organs from radiation exposure. IMPT produced statistically significant reductions in mean heart dose, as well as lower doses to the contralateral breast and ipsilateral lung compared to VMAT. However, the absolute heart doses achieved with VMAT using DIBH and knowledge-based planning were already very low, all falling below 2 Gray, which is considered a clinically safe threshold for cardiac risk. The findings suggest that while proton therapy offers measurable dosimetric advantages, the already excellent cardiac sparing achieved by modern X-ray-based VMAT with DIBH may limit the additional clinical benefit of proton therapy for many breast cancer patients. Clinicians should carefully weigh the greater cost and limited availability of proton therapy against the modest incremental gains when state-of-the-art photon techniques are already achieving low heart doses.
Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
Source →Single Incision Plus One Robot-Assisted Surgery With Hugo RAS System for Right-Sided Colon Cancer.
Yamamoto T, et al
This study examined the use of a single incision plus one port (SIPO) robot-assisted surgical approach with the Hugo RAS system for the treatment of right-sided colon cancer, representing one of the early reported applications of this particular robotic platform in colorectal oncology. The Hugo RAS system, developed by Medtronic, is a modular robotic surgical system that has been gaining attention as an alternative to more established platforms such as the da Vinci system. By minimizing the number of incisions required, the SIPO technique aims to reduce surgical trauma, postoperative pain, and recovery time compared to conventional laparoscopic or multi-port robotic approaches. The findings suggest that this combined approach is technically feasible and may offer oncologically adequate outcomes for patients undergoing right hemicolectomy. These results are meaningful for surgeons and patients alike, as they expand the evidence base for less invasive robotic options in colorectal cancer surgery. Further prospective studies with larger patient cohorts will be needed to confirm the long-term safety and efficacy of this approach.
Diseases of the colon and rectum
Source →Immunohistochemical assessment of cytokeratin profile in glandular odontogenic cyst and its comparison with intra-osseous and soft tissue mucoepidermoid carcinoma.
Aarthi S S, et al
Researchers investigated whether a panel of cytokeratin proteins could reliably distinguish glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC), a rare and sometimes aggressive jaw cyst, from mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), a type of salivary gland cancer that can arise within the jawbone or surrounding soft tissues. The study analyzed tissue samples from 10 GOCs, 4 central (intra-osseous) MECs, and 6 conventional minor salivary gland MECs using immunohistochemical staining for five cytokeratins: CK7, CK8, CK17, CK19, and CK20. The key finding was that CK8 expression was significantly different between GOC and MEC, with GOC showing only patchy or absent CK8 staining while MECs showed diffuse, widespread CK8 positivity in all cases. CK17 and CK20 were negative in all groups, making them unhelpful for differentiation, whereas the combined pattern of CK7, CK8, and CK19 together proved most effective at separating GOC from MEC. These results are clinically important because misdiagnosing a benign GOC as malignant MEC, or vice versa, could lead to inappropriate treatment decisions, and CK8 immunostaining may now serve as a practical and reliable diagnostic tool in this challenging scenario.
Annals of diagnostic pathology
Source →Seeing More to Treat Better: Ultra-High Frequency Ultrasound as a Decision-Shaping Tool in Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer in a Single-Institution Feasibility Study.
D'Ippolito E, et al
Researchers conducted a single-institution feasibility study to evaluate whether ultra-high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) could meaningfully improve radiotherapy planning for non-melanoma skin cancer of the head and neck, a malignancy most common in elderly patients where tumor depth and margins are notoriously difficult to assess with conventional methods. Thirty consecutive patients with a median age of 85 years were enrolled, with UHFUS performed before CT simulation and integrated into a structured multidisciplinary planning workflow. UHFUS influenced at least one key clinical decision in 43.3% of patients, including expanding the delineated tumor volume in nearly half of those receiving definitive radiotherapy, raising the median gross tumor volume from 17.5 to 24.3 cubic centimeters. In two patients originally referred for post-surgical adjuvant radiotherapy, UHFUS detected previously unrecognized residual macroscopic disease, prompting an upgrade to definitive treatment intent. After a median follow-up of 24 months, no local recurrences were recorded and late toxicity was minimal, confined to grade 1 skin reactions. These results demonstrate that UHFUS is a feasible and clinically impactful imaging tool within external beam radiotherapy workflows, warranting larger prospective studies to formalize its role in treatment decision algorithms for this patient population.
Cancers
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