Latest Research
All publications from the Cancer3.AI database, newest first.
Hormone Receptor-Positive Encapsulated Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast With High-Grade Cytological Features: A Case Report With Invasive Heterogeneity.
Liu Y, et al
Researchers report a rare case of encapsulated papillary carcinoma (EPC) of the breast exhibiting high-grade cytological features in a 40-year-old woman, highlighting the diagnostic challenges posed by this unusual tumor type. Initial imaging suggested a benign lesion, but rapid growth over three months and subsequent biopsy revealed invasive breast carcinoma, underscoring how misleading early assessments can be. After skin-sparing mastectomy, detailed tissue analysis uncovered a complex tumor with both high-grade and low-grade invasive components extending beyond the fibrous capsule, alongside strong hormone receptor positivity and a high proliferation index of 46.5%. The patient was treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy and remains disease-free, demonstrating that appropriate management can yield good outcomes even in aggressive variants. This case emphasizes that high-grade EPCs should not be managed as typical low-risk papillary lesions but must be treated according to invasive breast carcinoma guidelines to ensure patient safety.
The American journal of case reports
Source →Integrated transcriptome-proteome analysis in patients with myelofibrosis-related anemia.
Yang L, et al
Researchers conducted an integrated transcriptome and proteome study to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying anemia in patients with myelofibrosis (MF), a severe form of myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with poor prognosis. Peripheral blood samples from 36 MPN patients — 24 of whom had anemia — were analyzed using transcriptomic sequencing and Olink proteomics technology to identify key genes and proteins altered in MF-related anemia. The study found that the JAK-STAT signaling pathway was broadly downregulated in anemic patients, while genes linked to erythroid differentiation were significantly upregulated, supporting the role of ineffective red blood cell production in the disease process. At the protein level, TRAIL was the most significantly downregulated and CXCL13 the most upregulated in anemic patients, and elevated levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were independently associated with anemia and confirmed by ELISA assay. The findings suggest that IL-10, typically considered protective, may paradoxically serve as a diagnostic biomarker for MF-related anemia, possibly reflecting a compensatory response to reduced monocyte sensitivity to this cytokine. These results provide clinicians with new potential biomarkers and a deeper mechanistic understanding of anemia in myelofibrosis, which could inform future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Annals of hematology
Source →Clinical outcomes in triple-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms with extreme thrombocytosis: a case series.
Dalmia S, et al
Researchers conducted a case series investigation into clinical outcomes among patients diagnosed with triple-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) — a rare subset of blood cancers that lack the three most commonly tested genetic mutations (JAK2, CALR, and MPL) — who also presented with extreme thrombocytosis, meaning dangerously elevated platelet counts. Because these patients fall outside the established molecular diagnostic criteria, they represent a particularly challenging and understudied population in clinical hematology. The study documented disease trajectories, complication rates, and treatment responses across the cases reviewed, shedding light on how this molecularly ambiguous condition behaves over time. Findings from this series are expected to help clinicians better recognize, risk-stratify, and manage patients who do not fit neatly into standard MPN diagnostic categories, ultimately improving individualized care for this underserved group.
Leukemia & lymphoma
Source →Clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of Cushing's syndrome: analysis of a multicenter registry in Antioquia, Colombia.
Rivera-Martínez WA, et al
A multicenter retrospective study from six hospitals in Antioquia, Colombia, analyzed the clinical features, diagnostic practices, and treatment outcomes of 130 adult patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) diagnosed between 2010 and 2024. The cohort was predominantly female (86.9%), with an average age of 50.7 years, and the most common symptoms were weight gain, moon face, and stretch marks. Cushing's disease caused by a pituitary tumor was the leading etiology (74.6%), followed by adrenal causes, and transsphenoidal surgery achieved an initial remission rate of 63.3% regardless of the surgeon's level of experience. The study found that diagnostic practices relied heavily on urinary cortisol and overnight dexamethasone suppression tests, while more specialized tools such as late-night salivary cortisol and inferior petrosal sinus sampling were underutilized. Importantly, clinical outcomes in this Colombian cohort were comparable to those reported by leading international centers, demonstrating that quality care for this rare hormonal disorder is achievable in Latin America. The findings underscore the need for earlier diagnosis, broader access to diagnostic tools, and coordinated multidisciplinary management to further improve patient outcomes in the region.
Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism
Source →Visual outcomes after pituitary adenoma surgery: Associated factors and longitudinal progression in a prospective single-centre study.
Lozouet M, et al
A prospective single-centre study followed 50 adults who underwent pituitary adenoma surgery between 2017 and 2022, assessing visual recovery through standardized ophthalmological tests and MRI scans at 3, 6, and 12 months after the operation. The research found that 64% of affected eyes achieved at least a 50% improvement in visual field function by six months post-surgery, with the majority of that recovery occurring within the first three months. Thinner retinal nerve fiber layer and reduced ganglion cell complex volume were initially linked to poorer outcomes, but these associations were explained by the severity of baseline vision loss and how long symptoms had been present before surgery. Importantly, structural changes measured by OCT imaging continued to worsen throughout the first postoperative year even in patients whose functional vision improved, revealing a dissociation between anatomical and functional recovery. These findings underscore the importance of early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention, and reassure clinicians that pituitary adenoma surgery performed by experienced teams carries low complication rates and meaningful visual benefits for patients.
Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
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