Latest Research
All publications from the Cancer3.AI database, newest first.
Diagnostic and Management Challenges in Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: A Clinical Review.
Phadte A, et al
A clinical review published in Hormone and Metabolic Research examines the diagnostic and management challenges associated with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, rare neuroendocrine tumors affecting fewer than 0.05% of the population. Drawing on two decades of institutional experience alongside published literature, the authors present three representative patient cases that illustrate how nonspecific symptoms frequently delay or complicate accurate diagnosis. The review emphasizes that a holistic diagnostic strategy, integrating biochemical testing with careful assessment of pretest probability, precise imaging interpretation, and distinction from other adrenal masses, is essential for correct identification of these tumors. Key findings highlight that the careful selection and interpretation of clinical, biochemical, and imaging parameters significantly improves diagnostic accuracy and guides appropriate patient management. For clinicians, this review serves as a practical framework to reduce diagnostic errors and improve outcomes for patients with these potentially life-threatening tumors.
Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme
Source →Identification of biomarkers associated with integrated stress response in pituitary adenomas based on bioinformatics.
Sui Y, et al
Researchers used bioinformatics approaches to investigate the role of the integrated stress response (ISR) — a fundamental cellular survival mechanism — in pituitary adenomas, which are tumors arising from the pituitary gland. By analyzing gene expression datasets, the study aimed to identify molecular biomarkers that are specifically associated with ISR activation in these tumors. The findings highlight a set of genes and molecular signatures that may help distinguish pituitary adenoma subtypes and shed light on how tumor cells cope with stress conditions. These biomarkers could potentially serve as diagnostic tools or therapeutic targets, offering clinicians new avenues for improving the management of pituitary adenoma patients.
Discover oncology
Source →Prospective Genomic Profiling of Consecutive Meningiomas.
Nguyen MP, et al
Researchers conducted a prospective genomic profiling study of consecutive patients with meningioma, the most common primary brain tumor in adults, aiming to characterize the genetic landscape of these tumors in a real-world clinical setting. By systematically sequencing tumors from an unselected series of meningioma patients, the study identified recurrent mutations and genomic alterations — including variants in genes such as NF2, TRAF7, AKT1, KLF4, and SMO — that define distinct molecular subgroups. The findings revealed that specific genomic profiles correlate with tumor grade, location, and clinical behavior, providing a more precise biological classification beyond traditional histopathology alone. These results have direct implications for patient management, as certain mutations may predict recurrence risk or identify patients who could benefit from targeted therapies currently under investigation. Published in JAMA Oncology, this work represents an important step toward integrating routine genomic profiling into the clinical care of meningioma patients and supports the development of molecularly guided treatment strategies.
JAMA oncology
Source →Dexamethasone for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting Prevention in Pediatric Patients: International Consensus.
Shavandi N, et al
A new international consensus study published in Pediatric Blood & Cancer used a structured Delphi panel process to clarify when dexamethasone—a corticosteroid commonly added to antiemetic regimens—should or should not be used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children. Sixteen global experts in pediatric supportive care participated in four electronic surveys and three virtual meetings, evaluating the drug's risks and benefits across different cancer types and treatment scenarios in chemotherapy-naïve pediatric patients receiving moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy. The panel reached consensus that dexamethasone's antiemetic benefits outweigh its risks in children with bone tumors, germ cell tumors (non-CNS), hepatoblastoma, retinoblastoma, or rhabdomyosarcoma, and in those undergoing autologous stem cell transplant. Conversely, consensus was achieved that dexamethasone's risks outweigh its benefits in pediatric patients receiving CAR-T cell therapy or those with known fungal infections. These findings provide clinicians with much-needed, evidence-informed guidance to make individualized decisions about antiemetic therapy, balancing nausea control against the real immunosuppressive and other adverse effects of dexamethasone in vulnerable pediatric populations.
Pediatric blood & cancer
Source →Melanoma Cells Exposed to Clomiphene Citrate Respond With Cell Cycle Arrest and Reduced Invasiveness.
Ribeiro TS, et al
Researchers investigated how clomiphene citrate (CC), a fertility drug previously linked in epidemiological studies to increased melanoma risk, directly affects melanoma cells in the laboratory. Using the A375 melanoma cell line, cells were exposed to a range of CC concentrations and then assessed for viability, cell cycle progression, migration, and gene expression. At the highest tested dose, CC reduced cell viability by 80%, triggered a halt in cell division at the G1 phase, and significantly impaired the cells' ability to migrate. Gene expression analysis showed reduced levels of N-cadherin and SOD2, proteins associated with cancer cell spread and oxidative stress resistance, suggesting CC may actually have antimetastatic and pro-oxidant effects. These findings challenge the assumption that CC directly drives aggressive melanoma behavior, indicating that any clinical risk observed in patients may arise from indirect mechanisms rather than direct stimulation of tumor cells.
Journal of applied toxicology : JAT
Source →