Low-protein diet enhances antitumor immunity in pancreatic cancer through microbiota-derived UDP-galactose

A low-protein diet was shown to enhance antitumor immunity in pancreatic cancer by increasing the abundance of the gut commensal Blautia coccoides and its metabolite uridine diphosphate galactose (UDP-galactose). Chen et al. demonstrated that this microbiota-derived metabolite promotes immune-mediated tumor control in preclinical pancreatic cancer models. The findings link dietary protein restriction to a specific microbial–metabolic axis that could be therapeutically exploitable, though clinical translation remains to be established.